THROAT CANCER Essay -- essays research papers

Throat Cancer Each year, smoking kills more people than AIDS, alcohol, drug abuse, car accidents, murder, suicide, and fires---combined! The use of tobacco increases the risk of contracting throat cancer. Throat cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers within the United States. Cancer of the larynx (or voice box) is a disease in which cancer (malignant) cells are found in the tissues of the larynx. The larynx is a short passageway shaped like a triangle that is just below the pharynx in the neck. The pharynx is a hollow tube about 5 inches long that begins behind the nose and goes down to the neck to become part of the esophagus (the tube that goes to the stomach). Air passes through the pharynx and then the larynx on the way to the windpipe (trachea) and into the lungs. Food passes through the pharynx on the way to the esophagus. The larynx has a small piece of tissue over it, called the epiglottis which keeps food from going into it or the air passages. Throat cancer occurs when cells in the pharynx or larynx begin to divide abnormally and out of control. Most throat cancer begins on the vocal cords, later spreading to other parts of the larynx and pharynx. One of the most reliable and earliest symptom of throat cancer is sudden, unexplained hoarseness in the voice. About 10,000 new cases of throat cancer occur in the United States per year, generally affecting older males who use chewing tobacco, or those who have been heavy smokers (cigarettes, cigars and/or pipe smokers), or alcohol abusers. Studies indicate that the incidence of throat cancer in women and young people has increased due to the greater use of tobacco and alcohol products in this bracket. Throat cancer is more common in men, because smoking is a more common habit among males. Only one-fifth of the patients diagnosed with throat cancer will be women. Throat cancer is also closely associated with other cancers. Fifteen percent of throat-cancer patients also are diagnosed with cancer of the mouth, esophagus, or lung. Surprisingly another ten to twenty percent of these patients develop these cancers later on. Other people at risk include those who consume large quantities of alcohol, especially in combination with smoking. The most affective way to prevent throat cancer is to cease the use tobacco products entirely and cut back on alcohol. When throat cancer affects the vocal cords, the ... ...sed back up to produce sound for speech. This is a very difficult procedure to master for the common person. A popular method of speech production following laryngectomy is the voice restoration procedure. A puncture is placed through the back wall of the trachea windpipe into the esophagus and held open with a one-way valved prosthesis. By occluding the opening in the neck (tracheostoma), air is directed through the voice prosthesis into the throat causing vibration of the soft tissue and generating voice. Fluent speech that is usually readily understandable is produced (See picture #3). In conclusion, the evidence of the rise in the number of people being diagnosed with cancers caused by the use of tobacco products should be a sufficient warning to people to avoid the use of these products entirely. It is important to pay attention to symptoms that may indicate a potential problem and to seek medical attention as soon as possible. Family medical histories should be considered as well when reporting the development of unusual symptoms to the physician. As always, a healthy diet and regular exercise are the best preventative measures to take ensure a long and productive life.

It’s Immoral to Ban Human Cloning :: Argumentative Persuasive Argument Essays

It’s Immoral to Ban Human Cloning The Bush administration has declared itself "unequivocally opposed" to human cloning, whether for stem-cell research or reproduction. "The moral and ethical issues posed by human cloning are profound and cannot be ignored in the quest for scientific discovery." The premise here is apparent: until a scientist can satisfy the religiously minded, the scientist cannot proceed. Science functions by permission of religion. On this premise, we would not have anesthesia, birth control, or, arguably, the wheel. In a free society, the principle is not: ban everything, then allow a few exceptions. Rather, the government cannot ban anything except acts that violate individual rights. But whose rights would be violated by human cloning? If the cloning is used for research, the product is a microscopic group of cells. One could argue about the status of a fetus in the late stages of pregnancy, but there are no rational grounds for ascribing rights to a clump of cells in a Petri dish. If the cloning is used for reproduction, the result is a baby who exactly resembles, physically, someone else. Again, whose rights would that violate? If no one's, what is the justification for government even to consider stepping in to ban it? If you were cloned today, nine months from now a woman would give birth to a baby with your genetic endowment. The cloned baby would be your identical twin, delayed a generation. Twins of the same age do not frighten us, so why should a twin separated by a generation? Some fear the specter of mass cloning of one individual, especially cloning of sadistic monsters, as in "The Boys from Brazil," Ira Levin's nightmarish projection of cadres of young Hitlers spawned from the dictator's genes. The error here is philosophical: equating a person with his body. A person's essential self is his mind--that in him which thinks, values, and chooses. It is one's mind, not one's genes, that governs who one is. Man is the rational animal. One's basic choice is to think or not to think, in Ayn Rand's phrase, and the conclusions, values, and character of individuals depend upon the extent and rationality of their thinking. Genes provide the capacity to reason, but the exercise and guidance of that capacity is up to each individual, from the birth of his reasoning mind in infancy through the rest of his life. Neither genes nor environment can implant ideas in a child's mind and make him accept them.

Nursing Students at any College

Considering a nursing career can be both challenging and at the same time rewarding.   It is a commitment that needs time and effort in order to help others while constantly studying to update their knowledge.   Nursing is not for everyone, it is for the elite.   Even though it is a trend it does not mean everyone can pursue the career.   For students who are in this field it has never occurred that someone took it so lightly.   The pressure is always there yet they need to put a smile on their faces in front of their patients no matter how hard it is to work and study at the same time. One student in a prestigious school is at his third year.   He knew it along that he was going to pursue a nursing career.   He has his mind-set since he was a kid and now only a year to go before he graduates.   Although he wanted to be a nurse, he could not deny the fact that stress is the main hindrance to his goal. On the other hand another student from a different school is at his fourth and final year in nursing.   At first he never wanted to be a nurse, thinking that it would be hard to care for someone he barely knows.   After the span of four years he realized that everything was a misconception.   It is not just the hard work.   It is the feeling of fulfillment when he sees his patient go out of the hospital thanking him for the care that he has given. After interacting with some students, I realized that nursing is not a walk in the park career.   Nursing is not as simple as caring it requires knowledge and grace while performing a task. Stress is always present in any job.   Nursing is a good example of a very stressful career.  Ã‚   It is never a sedentary job that requires time and energy while performing your job.   Even as student, they are trained under pressure.   Every nursing student cares for their patients while thinking about their report which is one of the scenarios of stress in any student taking up this course. It is admirable to see students managing their time.   They tend to think about their priorities than having fun with their peers.   During weekends, there are times that they don’t even have a break.   Somehow they have to go to the hospital during weekends to get their patient’s data before their exposure in the hospital the following day. The profession is based on taking care of other people but it is very important to take care of your own well-being.   One awry of students is that they think more about their patients and they forget about themselves.   It is essential to be vigilant on personal health.   You need to take good care of yourself before you can take care of others. Learning is constant in this career.   There are always new updates of the old concepts that every student should be aware of.   Books are not just the source of information these days.   With the theoretical knowledge a student is equipped with the know how in applying it in the field. One of the most important aspects of nursing is teamwork.   Collaborating with the co-nurses is a must in maximizing the treatment for each patient.   Planning with the team can result to lesser effort and more effective intervention. Even as student nurses, they are considered as modern day heroes.   But as humans there are also limits.   It is very important to know your limitations, students should never intervene with the duties that only a registered nurse can do.   Instead of helping they might end up making the situation worse. References Antai-Otong, Deborah (2003). Psychiatric Nursing, Biological and Behavioral Concepts . Singapore: Thomson Asian Edition C. Dailing, Personal Communication, July 28, 2007 M. Sharks, Personal Communication, July 29, 2007            

Developments in transportation Essay

â€Å"Developments in transportation, rather than in manufacturing and agriculture, sparked American economic growth in the first half of the nineteenth century.† is not accurate. While development in transportation played a fundamental role in America’s growth, if it were not for developments in manufacturing and agriculture the new technology in transportation could not have successfully been completed. Without the raw materials, and the products which came out of the early US iron and steel industry, (which were all ultimately determined by the United States agricultural market), the transportation revolution could not have been carried out. Also, with the rapid growth of the agricultural markets, American economic growth boomed. All three factors, (transportation, agriculture and manufacturing) played an equal role in sparking the American economic growth in the first half of the nineteenth century. The cotton gin was just one of the few reasons in which the American economy grew at a rapid pace. Eli Whitney’s intention in 1793 of the cotton gin, which separated raw cotton from seeds and other waste, caused the economy to boom, with the growth of southern farms. As the southern plantations who could keep up with this new boom in cotton got larger and larger, small farmers moved west. This migration of small farmers to the west caused a need for developments in transportation to link the nation. In turn, these developments in transportation caused a boom in economy. Therefore, both manufacturing inventions and transportation inventions caused the growth in economy. New inventions and capital investment led to the creation of new industries and economic growth. As transportation improved, new markets continuously opened. The steamboat made river traffic faster and cheaper, but development of railroads had an even greater effect, opening up immense areas of new territory for development. These new developments just opened up entrepreneurs eyes, and helped them to create the â€Å"boom† parts of the cycles in the 19th century. The new factories which sprang up around the US starting with mills such as the Lowell mills also led to new developments which helped the United States  economy grow. More jobs were created, and wage earners were able to make twice the amount of the price of goods. Although these booms in the economy did not last for every long, it can not be intelligently argued that new developments in transportation were the only reasons in which the United States economy boomed during this time. New inventions, and new ways of creating goods, which came along with the Industrial Revolution truly opened up the nation’s workforce, and sprang its economy as well.

Strengths and Weaknesses as a Writer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Strengths and Weaknesses as a Writer - Essay Example I learned how to revise my work thoroughly before submission and can meet deadlines since I submitted all my papers on the specified time. Another thing that shows my responsibility is my ability to write without plagiarizing by accrediting all the sources of my writing and summarizing all the sources in my words. I also observe all the MLA style of formatting when presenting my work. I also welcome any critics from my peers and readers of my essays to enable me work on my weaknesses and enhance my strengths. Another strength I have noticed since I enrolled for the course is strong communication skills in my arguments especially in persuasive writing. I have the ability to bring up an argument and support it with convincing evidence by use of examples and demonstration. I can arrange my work with goo paragraphs and well-connected ideas to provide the transition from one issue to the next. My grammar has improved as I can use perfect American English and observe all its rules to build strong sentences free of grammatical errors. By looking at the reviews from my peers and my tutor, there is a lot of improvement in the usage of grammar in my essays as the semester progressed. My choice of words during writing is great as demonstrated in the essay Facebook Making us Lonely. I also have the ability to use the appropriate styles such as the tone of the writing depending on the mood of the essay. I have improved my skills in forming goo sentences using the formal language while avoiding colloquialism.

Critical Review based on project from litrature review, methodology Essay - 1

Critical Review based on project from litrature review, methodology and analysis - Essay Example The literature review project is instrumental in showing us how the DICOM technology has long been practised in the medical field. DICOM has been in existence in imaging area of the clinic. It has not been able to avoid DICOM in the medical field since its essential. In chapter 4 of this paper methodology there is the project application by the use of the imaging in the medical field. All the processes involved from taking the images to storing them in the online database are all expounded. With time the imaging applied by the use of DICOM has migrated from the research based to the clinical based. For example the stroke perfusion CT and MR, hippocampal volume, amyloidal and FDG PET, tumour size, Due to need for better treatment, improved technology will serve a better chance in ensuring doctors can access quality information in good timing. This system will provide practitioners with the best, hence enabling better performance. It will also important for others who need information for academic use outside the hospital since they can access it too. It is given that implementing structured data management solution or program has potential problems upon incorporation of such system (Lowe, 1995). The biggest challenge of this project emerges from inflexibility in relations to the system users. This project has the inflexibility problem where the clients or users would feel inhibited from their practises of processing and the usual coding. This way, problem like UML diagram and function not working would arise in the course of the user being constrained from the use of this system. In the methodology part of this paper, there was the use of codes, which were not easy to apply due to the occurrence of syntax and run time errors. These codes were required in entities like tumours, tissues and lesions. These features were necessary to enhance meaning and it was not that easy to come up with the right final code. The

Phase 1 Discussion Board 1(ECON) Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Phase 1 Discussion Board 1(ECON) - Coursework Example To me, that there are fervent interactions with classmates in order to solve authentic problems aid in developing the content knowledge, problem solving while promoting communication, reasoning, patience and self-assessment skills individually and collectively. Problem based learning is motivating to the students too. A viable approach to developing and understanding the problem is working backwards from the questions. In this manner, there can be more integration of information. Information that will consolidate the problem and open more approaches to the question. Identifying and building on current debates in that particular field of study as well as having live interruptions can also be avenues for understanding the problem (Allen, 1996). It can be done by allowing time for class discussion of the problems during the end of the PBL sessions. Asking questions such as â€Å"what do we need to know?†, â€Å"What should we do?† The best part of this question is that it will lead the students to the library or searches online to search for more information on the subject. By presenting and supporting the solutions, the teachers require that students communicate both orally and in writing their findings and recommendations (Allen, 1996). The analysis help in beefing up the otherwise incomplete information while acquiring factual knowledge. After the problems have been created, they are now revised and improved. A better way of achieving sustainability to resolving the problem would be to have the problem administered several other times while being revised and adapted every time based on the student feedback (Barrows, 1996). Builds significant content- PBL projects are focused on teaching the students important skills and knowledge emanating from key concepts in the subject. This content also equips the students with important 21st century values such as critical thinking, problem solving, communication, creativity and innovation as well as