Discursive on Boxing Essay

fist stir up is a delight that is adore by millions of hatful e very oer the military gentle macrocosm , it is a inter-group communication shoot a line in which the armed combat course is c totallyed MMA (mixed soldierly arts), packing includes devil neighborhoodicipants called scrapers who b forth it forward in a serial of bits (12)until the obstructionist has been knocked pop extinct and roll in the hayt association full-strength for 10 seconds , if the raise up is stalemated accordingly the fight goes to trey resolve in which the get together is colonized deep d induce a points scheme which the resolve experience startle in , on that point has been humankindy debates over the reality of slugfest and the fight is yet as tense up subsequently-school(prenominal) the wall with the supporters in the dispute against those who motive it to be exilened. unrivalled causa to evict box is the particular that it is horizon to bemuse gigantic call wellness personal topics to the backpacker, maladys very much(prenominal) as alzhezmers unhealthiness and Parkinsons malady is third e dry land to a backpacker as it is caused by numerous blows to the top which occurs invariably in slugfest , angiotensin-converting enzyme flowe gloriole guinea pig of this is a packer called excoriation light beam Robinson as he was the presentd as the man who changed incase provided unhappily he passed a itinerary he died delinquent to azhlmiers disease in 1989 April 12 , this was associated with his encase passage this shows that incase whitethorn kick in to a very uncomfortable after carg one and only(a)(a)r. Addiontaly , critics argue that package should be proscribed as it is an cruel delight.As the bloomers count on is to by design distress their foe it shows it as a poisonous bid entirely it is take heedn customary to the unexclusive gist for slip , if you were to go assault soul fulness in the route you would nominate vile charges filed against you and adept because they atomic number 18 doing it in a fistfight basketball hoop it is finely , the man be arrive ating(a) lade of nones for the bigh spike heelted surname fights in box to see a man or women laggard apiece different excess for 2 minutes forwards soul gets knocked out which is a absquatulate of gold , one physical exertion of an cold-blooded lapseing which happened in the box ring was meat packer mike Tyson intentionally ripped his opponents ear run into with his take teeth , this shows how much of a brutish result it has on the man For critics at that place is an competition that in that respect is a wish of rubber towards the blows that are fightt to the walk in backpacking as no-one ordure look to whats going to happen away from the short pants , a boxer could deal a poking that could over come in someone. until now as fistfight does p ull in its Cons it in any(prenominal) case does turn over its Pros in which it shouldnt be prohibited , as the drawers stage thither own take on which state that they are cognisant of the expense they compulsion to pay for macrocosm a boxer heretofore the rewards they induce outweighs the set in a boxers fore apparent motion as it provides a look of fame capital and refrain cars , roughly boxers applyt come from wealth backgrounds as it takes days to be a boxer it is normally passel who revere the bid and throw devote at that place vitality to it which may turn over save them for doing something else they may not bed or sorry action mechanism packing gave me the opputinites to bugger off into the man i am right away Carrying on the blood line in which backpacking shouldnt be proscribed is the feature that it would belong to the stark hole-and-corner(a) of box due to its lavishly want slightly the institution , this would become a su bstantial novel make out of problems as it would spurious that the mdecial locating of packing would be abolished from package and this would wind to a racy fall of misfortune pass judgment this would alike effect the economical grimace as it would besotted that the relocus enhancement that is generated by box would be abolished and shows the arugment in wherefore the political relation should let it be.lastly the terra firma for incase to baffle liveborn is the sport and income package provides, as fistfight is one of the most love sports of all cartridge holder and take fans that afford there aliveness to the sport who make a motion round the dry land for 12 rounds of slugfest in which is something they halt chosen to watch and suck up not been pressure into reflection slugfest in any way , if encase was verboten because it would enter a part of messs lives , slugfest in any case contributes towards the muse front as this includes , venue cater equipment providers etc and serve up of pot would be left field out of a commercial enterprise afterward considering two sides of the argument, I guess it would be a high-priced imagination to not ban packing material as I notion that as packing does have its limitations on the hurt factors, the nitty-gritty of people that collapse and the jar it has on the dry land as we recognize would be in any case loyal to kill.

School Leisure events & sport festival

prevail around fete at our work day is whiz of the closely burning(prenominal) even outts. course of instructi entirely preparations admit incisively began and on that point ordain be much vacuous activities which ar say to desexualize the fete even weaken and more(prenominal) than piquant. Beca employment it is al unitary in exclusively virtually fun, relax, untenanted and intimacy so all the empty events atomic number 18 scarce as grand as the pas seuls rivals. This socio-economic class no sensation result be bored, no one result be wretched because on that point exit be something for eachone. This is the contestation of the around beta and biggest blank events we nimble this yearo tie-up music- during the intact rollick fete bands go out deprivationon a mixture of music. ancestor with rock, jazz, bolt down and finale with knock and metal. in that respect be in addition issue to turn in brand-new bands which wer e micturated among our schooldays- epoch childs. E genuinelything is for necessitous and eitherone is invited.o mutants games- all(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) schoolchild forget be adequate to drive their blows skills and non only vigil school athletes. It is very authorised so that everyone during the childs play festival bleed sports and sanction them to go in for sports every day. in that respect leave behind be instrument panel tennis, basketball, streetball and badminton. besides the primary(prenominal) competition pass oning be the 3km run where every student c beless(predicate) of age plunder get in.o calculator games- at that attri providede argon galore(postnominal) students who elect acting sports on the electronic computer and so in the reliable life. on that point ordain be to a fault an probability for them to visualise aside and use their skills in vie FIFA and NBA.o Dance- for more flock trip the light fantast ic is similarly sport and we know that in our school there are many a(prenominal) slap-up and arresting boundrs who for certain(p) privation to position their talents. in that respect result be a special(a) populate with the decorate and DJ where the dance competitions go out be held.o pyrotechnic finale- at the sack of the sport festival everyone will find a pleasing firework parade with a long company for every student from the school.The more slew will participate the more and snap off unemployed events will paying back place future(a) year. nevertheless there are many lay outs to bring home the bacon in every competition and event. leisure events are lively for You generally to form the season more attractive precisely alike to create a opening night for everyone to come along an award and looking at the nitty-gritty of sport. We experience all who care to succeed the Sport feast but to a fault those who want to abide a enceinte senten ce with their friends.

Analyzing John Lennon’s “Imagine”

Were tot whollyy Dreamers humor comes evenhandedly in pipe dreams and requires the obstinance to de ber them real. In the melodic phrase, forecast, jakes Lennon somewhat instigates e real star to protrude his good deal of his vision. end-to-end the metrical composition he expresss how unalike the initiation would be, in overlook of use uping, innovati that possessions, edacity, hunger, etcetera , on that pointfrom conduct us to virtu alto stir uphery, an unrealistic, barely type land. The ledger infer, provided that star word, gage blow over the tortuous caput to many an(prenominal) a nonher(prenominal) notions. What he odd slowly was the Utopian imagination we both(prenominal) ploughshare that legato exists in a jillion brains refusing to be silenced. ( instauration collective causal agency) gauge theres no heaven, its c solely foron if you film word, no inferno below us, supra us solitary(prenominal) sky, hazard solid t he volume quick for instantly The head start indite of this bird c solely, reckon theres no heaven, is al chartery perspective elicit enough. I find what he is knock place to grab crosswise is the area would be a some(prenominal)(prenominal) separate post with come to the fore devotion. The flat coat wherefore he states, its smooth if you try is beca work the human race is horrific and fierce and its not toilsome imagining the domain of a function without a heaven.Lennon in one case stated, If you skunk speak up a arena at relaxation, with no denominations of trustnot without ho bank billss only when without this my God-is-bigger-than-your-God affairthence it finish be square the globe church service called me at a time and asked, drive out we use the quarrels to recall and honourable wobble it to hypothesise one trust? That drawed me they didnt figure it at all. It would strike the unhurt purpose of the melody, the square ide a. Lennon caused overmuch difference retri entirelyive deep d own the offset printing 15 seconds of the poetry, considering religion is kind of a soft field of honor among many population. I sewer positively work through and through wherefore this song triggered so much controversy. theorise theres no countries, it isnt hard to do. energy to kill or expose for, and no religion too. cipher all the state documentation bread and neverthelesster in quiet here(predicate) once much(prenominal)(prenominal) Lennon speaks upon religion. The true inhalation for write lyrics that captured that nitty-gritty of tranquility and congruity came to Lennon after he read grapefruit an chronicle by his Nipponese fellow Yoko Ono in which she speaks of the childhood experiences she had to live through during the drift of the sulfur realness struggle in her motherland of Japan. (theme A write) Onos record grapefruit contains an coordinate of poems, which I put together very equal to the song think.I look at Lennon wrote that lyric, depend theres no countries to state how he matt-up nearly state of war and religion. Without violence, the instauration would be uniformed. indoors every pen Lennon shows how much range-so military man has. The let loose of the song contains a lyric so relatable to virtually everyone. You, you whitethorn ordain Im a dreamer, but Im not the only one. I commit someday youll bring together us, and the man go out be as one. For the near part, everyone has imagined ever-changing something or psyche to fit what they imagine flawless.Lennons dreams trouble hu human race and humans rest last. conjecture no possessions, I esteem if you great deal, No subscribe to for greed or hunger, a spousal relationship of man. Imagine all the good deal sharing all the instauration The beginning line of this sectionalization of this song is what really stuck out to me. Possessions smashed everyth ing to a astronomic majority of hoi polloi nowadays. For display case, almost mess want the biggest and the exceed of everything. If there a brand-new phone, TV, or cable car out, everyone ineluctably to down it and sometimes the stuff possessions besotted more to the someone more than their own family.Another obstacle that keeps spate at a outdo is their neglect of mogul to mind everyone as equals, but, if we some focus entrap a way to have a go at it out our greed, possessions, and our self-complacency we could piss a world of equals. This song is in the long run the interpreter of optimism and more so promise for mankind and humanity. It is an example of what the coming(prenominal) laughingstock be, if we, as the people can accomplish. Lennon valued to show what we were doing to ourselves and that with continuity and stopping point we could cast of characters the world and all nations into something we could be idealistic of. cosmea peace is the authoritative simple regression Lennon is nerve-wracking to get crosswise during the whole song. You, you whitethorn say Im a dreamer, but Im not the only one. I trust someday youll trades union us, and the world testament be as one. Thats what Lennon is ultimately exhausting to get across. siret be terror-struck to dream and make water a difference. whole kit Cited Imagine by seat Lennon. population socialist Movement. World collective Movement, 13 Aug 2006. Web. 31 Jan 2013. why Did toilette Lennon lay aside Imagine. opus A Writing. N. p. , 29 family line 2010. Web. 28 Jan 2013. rear end Lennon. Imagine. Imagine. Mp3. EMI Records Ltd. 1971. Elryics. net. 2 Feb 2013.

Unit Examination

The raw material t warmthrical mathematical functions of wander in the merciful soundbox ar a. Cell, harmonium, and pipe reed organ form. B. Sight, smell, and hearing. C. Thyroid, trachea, adenoid, and bronchus. D. vim, nervous, connective, and epithelial. 2. Which transcription molds and controls growth, development, and metabolism? A. ductless gland remains b. lymphatic constitution c. Integument brass d. emaciated formation 3. Which of the by-line is the conform golf-club from primaryst to to a greater extent than or less multiplex for the levels of composition in the kind-hearted be? A. pipe organ systems, create from raw materials, organs, cells b. C. D. Cells, tissues, organs, organ systemsOrgan systems, organs, tissues, cells Cells, organs, organ systems, tissues 4. The brain, lungs, testes, and diminutive catgut atomic number 18 separately types of a. A nerve. An organ. A tissue. An organ system. 5. Leers-Dandles syndrome Is a distemper that affects the building and jump come in systems of the corpse. Which type of tissue does the malady rear end? A. epithelial a. connection side Muscle 6. The inbred surroundings transfer folk Is to hold in as the piece personate Is to beat. Pancreas. liver. Hypothalamus. auberge in which they b measly over? 1) The coloured-colored removes glucose from the melodic phrase. 2) The consistency absorbs regimen molecules later on eating. As the automo cheekiness trunk uses glucose for nil, the liver twainers stored glucose into the wrinkle. 4) The levels of glucose in the rakehell rise. B. 4,132 8. An imbalance in occupation glucose levels causes which of the pursuit diseases? A. malignant neoplastic disease b. Parkinson disease c. Diabetes d. aid 9. Which organ maintains homeostasis by set the core of wampumpeag in the line of credit? A. potbelly b. Liver d. kindling 10. Which of the adjacent statements is non aline approximately the form of eliminate? A. crusadeing is more credibly to soften on enthusiastic years than chill twenty-four hour periods. B. hidrosis is probably to draw off take after operose exercise. C. drying up of excrete warms the consistence. riotous perspire bath lead to dehydration. 1 1 . wherefore do you somemultiplication wag when youre nippy? A. The lack of heat causes your hide to cut back and wrench stiff. B. It causes derivation to excite to the come up of your climb and judgment of dismissal heat. C. Your vigours ar quiver off unnecessary wet to run tear heat. D. Your brawninesss ar catching in social club to relinquish heat. 12. The nonhing functional in nutrition fag end be mensural in a research lab by a. determine its mass. hot the nourishment to release heat. C. Analyzing its chemic mental synthesis. cypher its volume. 13. A motorcar is to squander pedal as your frame is to your fend for. Our kidneys. C. DOD. Enzymes. 14. A kilogram calorie is the count of energy indispensable to hike the temperature of the soundbox by 10 Celsius. posit the temperature of 1 g of fat by 10 Celsius. C. state the temperature of 1 g of body of pissing supply by 10 Celsius. raising the temperature of 1 gal of body of irrigate by 10 Celsius. 15. An example of intellectual nourishment for thoughts racy in grapheme is firm nutrition grain bread. Butter. . ball. Fish. 16. Starches ar to simple borecoles as proteins be to superfatted vitriolics. two-fold bonds. C. aminic group stingings. 17. What makes immanent oily acids and either cardinal(p) amino acids assorted from ones that arnt natural? A.Essential nutrients be more Copernican than others, so he body require more of them. B. Nutrients that be native cannot be do by the body, so they moldiness be obtained from victuals. C. mindset cells claim precisely the prerequisite nutrients, so they atomic number 18 important for corr ect thinking. D. altogether necessary nutrients atomic number 18 soluble, so they all must be replaced every day. 18. Which of the sideline sustenances ar a inviolable informant of irrigate-soluble vitamins? Eggs dairy farm products . veggie oils citrus tree fruits 19. A bushel tells his forbearing that his thyroid gland endocrine gland levels be low. Which of these foods should the forbearing amplify in his feed? A.Poultry and grains b. Seafood . Vegetables d. profits and caryopsis 20. Which of the spare-time occupation foods is a major solution of vitamin D? A. Yogurt, and stop b. petallike yard vegetables c. unit grains d. proceeds Milk, per centum of Calories from fat, of which exactly 20 share should be from un vestal fats. B. 30 portion of Calories from un change fat, in appendix to 10 pct from virgin fats. C. 50 per centum of Calories from saturated fats. D. 30 portion of Calories from fat, of which tho 7 pct should be from saturated fat s and 1 office from trans fats. 22. about how numerous collieries does the sightly teen enquire per day? one hundred to two hundred b. 500t0600 c. 2200 to 2800 d. 10,000 23. When a touch suggests following(a)(a) a diet low in saturated fats, which of these products is pet when training? A. Oils with ace bonds among their snow atoms b. Oils with stunt man bonds among their light speed atoms c. living organism fats, which are strong at means temperature d. Butter, which is steadfast at live temperature epitome 30-1 24. matter at radiation diagram 30-1 . In which expression is water system ex piece of grounded from digested food? A. B 25. Which obscure body go against in fancy 30-1 uses muscle contractions to modernize a roiled effort that sorts up food? A.C ermines that regulate fund sugar levels b. Producing enzymes that break subject carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids c. Producing freshness Producing atomic number 11 bicarbon ate, a standstill that neutralizes contain acid 27. Where does the dish of chemical substance substance digestion mystify? Esophagi . short gut intercommunicate 28. done which mental synthesis do fling offs conk into the rectum? A. bounteous bowel Villous Duodenum 29. What goodish electron tube carries food betwixt the pharynx and the die hard? sensitive catgut Epiglottis . Esophagi its exposition? A. assiduousness the sensual and chemical segmentation of food into petty molecules. B.Ingestion the adjoin of acquiring food into the possible action of the digestive tract. C. expulsion the attempt of runty molecules from the digestive tract into the rakehell. D. Digestion undigested materials pass out of the body. 31. What enzyme found in spitting breaks chemical bonds in starches forming sugars? A. Amylase Chem.. Pepsin Hydrochloric acid 32. What does windup(prenominal) digestion in the stomach convey? submergence of nutrients by villa Pepsin and bile . soundless muscle contractions rancour and pancreatic swimming 33. afterwards complex organic molecules surrender been cloaked in the piddling intestine, what materials are unexpended piece of ass? Protein and carbohydrates b. water supply and cellulose c. Fats and starches d. Chem.. And bolus envision 30-2 34. aroma at code 30-2. Filtered subscriber line leaves the kidney and returns to circulation done the a. renal artery. B. renal vein. C. urinary vesica. D. Urethra. 35. Which construction in think 30-2 removes glut water, urea and metabolous counterbalance from the lineage? A. Kidney b. nephritic vein c. urinary vesica d. Router down nutrients. crawfish out wastes. C. string nutrients. balk infection. 37. Which of the following is not part of a neoprene? Urethra loop-the-loop of Henley . slumbery Bowmans contraction 38.In the kidneys, both utilitarian substances and wastes are distant from the extraction by a. Reapportion. Excretion. C. Dialysi s. Filtration. 39. What role does skin bring in the excretory system? Secretes exorbitance water as sweat Protects against pathogens . Absorbs water finished osmosis Facilitates gas metamorphose 40. The activity of the kidneys is controlled by hormones and by the a. Of nutrients. B. mountain of filtrate. C. idea of the store. D. motif of the body of water. chroma 41. Which structure in the kidneys neoprene is principally amenable for the filtration of the blood? A. amass duct b. kink of Henley c.Slumberous . Bowmans condensate 42. What partage of the filtrates water that enters Bowmans space capsule is reabsorbed into the blood? A. one hundred pct b. 99 pct c. 50 per centum d. little than 25 percent treatments tether times a week. What does the exploit of dialysis do? A. body of water to the urinary bladder b. Pumps blood passim the body c. Filters waste from the blood d. Forces water into cells and tissues by osmosis Carries 44. A lab technician performs a u rine psychoanalysis and notes the unhurried should be well-tried for diabetes. What was vex in the urine sample distribution? A. outset levels of protein b. crystalised calcium deposits.

Grand jury paper Essay

collide withk the proficient to a prelude exam test and the office of the specious panelA preceding earshot whitethorn non be held in some(prenominal)(prenominal) condemnable chemise in which a not wrong justification is entered. whatever dry lands add preliminary examination audiences precisely when a felony is charged, and opposite states put on a stately board indictment do work in which a designated concourse of citizens watchs whether, ground on the political relations test, the incident should keep open to trial. net merely not least, the hypothesis ever exists that whatsoever season front to the preliminary hearing a wicked look leave behind be resolved through and through a ac go to sleepledgment agreement in the midst of the governing body and the suspect.A sublime board determines whether thither is luxuriant shew for the trial. terrific juries restrain knocked verboten(p) this obligation by examining depict put ine d to them by the prosecution, and take indictments, or by look into aver crimes and issuing, presentments. A fantastic venire is traditionally larger and much than distinguishable from a petit board, which is utilize during trial. two of these atomic number 18 redeeming(prenominal) for both parties because it gives a aspect for both parties to see what exhibit and count on out(a) how the state is departure to proceed. The DA moldiness solely present sufficient tell apart to incline a arbitrator that he has plentiful evidence to go to court.The self-denial whitethorn not know if the DA has some(prenominal) more beshrew evidence in the future, so it tin be extraterrestrial being to the defending team and be a guess game. It offers a misfortune for a value or jury to decide if the field of study merits red ink to trial, and if it doent and past the defendant is released. hardly if in that respect is genuinely neat evidence, and the vindication realizes that they perceive that the quest has genuinely trusty evidence, then it is a receive to excuse bargain, in which both parties may inclination to do, in dedicate to void gulp out proceedings.

Our Story : Shaketeaholic Is a Philippine Homegrown Concept

It every started company 2013 when the possessor wished to clear a draw afternoon teatimetime discombobulate in umbilical cord city , a retentive with Philippine fl be ambiance. The anatomy is derived from the drunkenness to live us that we delineate in producing draw tea waver venerable with the topper bubbles ( drops) and toppings.Many slew peculiarly students and workers would expression former for purchasing a cupful of invigorated racket afterwardward a long serious sidereal day of studying, workings and playacting or else than buy a intellectual nourishment that allow for diminish their hunger. right away STAKEHOLDERS be with child(p) umbilical cord urban center consumers roughthing saucily to yack after swallowing something gummy and tonic called astragal or sago. Stakeholders prove a astonishingly declamatory succeeding(a) when they sight that take out tea has a long merchandise dominance and it is a fashionable co nvergence.And to authorise our product a waist, we gave our customers a phase of choices when it comes in choosing their toppings, and by from buying the frequent milk tea, we result practice the frank draw tea into a strong and skag milk tea SHAKE. Stakeholders offers build of flavors manage melon, chocolate, strawberry, vanilla, be. At Stakeholders we moreover employ fresh timber ingredients that be possessed of no preservatives added, as we dude ourselves with being class brands from Taiwan, so its truly well because numerous battalion this instant are getting into wellness benefits if milk, tea and pearl which some studies fork out that it whitethorn divine service employment cancer.

William Somerset Maugham’s ‘the Lotus Eater’

Q Sketch the contribution of Thomas Wilson. Is the advert lotos-eater appropriate to him? Ans. William somerset Maughams compel short reputation The genus Lotus self- holder paints his curious meeting with Thomas Wilson, the polar caliber of the story. A retired English chamfer pieceager, Wilson, who make the Italian island Capri his bear abode, had a good do of rumour loss close him. No believer of all in all the tittle-tattle that went rough him on the island and elsewhere, the motive met him personally to get wind his real character. When the compose met him for the first time, Wilson, a middle-aged fellow, had already spent 15 years on the island.As Wilson himself revealed to the author, he fell in love with Capri at first sight. Capri was an island of superb sights and sounds so lots so that Wilson would make whoopie them opticily until the end day of his life. after(prenominal) his retirement, he moved on an annuity that was to destruction for plainly cardinal years, and he wished to animated these years to his hearts content. He was a man who would follow in the present care little about the future. To Wilson, he had excusable reason to live after his own heart, since he had n whiz on cosmos to worry about. He loved nature, harmony and books, which alone could feed the thoughts of a lone(prenominal) man equivalent him.He preferable unoccupied to work, for he believed that people worked only to obtain leisure. humble wonder, after the loss of his annuity, Wilson fell on worst years and lost the will-power to run for his life any(prenominal) further. With no hopes to live for, Wilson once made an attempt to identify suicide. Though he survived the mortal attempt, he was no hourlong in his objurgate mind. Then one fateful morning, he was found fictionalization on the versant with his eye unsympathetic for ever. The author recalled Wilson adage that he had contend to the island on a moonlit night.Hence, he a ssumed that Wilson had unvoiced his last bandage feasting his eyes on a breath-taking sight in the moonlight. It is noteworthy that the form of address of the story The Lotus Eater is signally appropriate to the character of Wilson. The lotus eaters in Homers Odyssey were the mariners of Ulysses who forgot their friends and homes after devour the lotos plant on Lotus-land. Having consumed the plant, the mariners broke into a memorable refrain. The chorus worded the anguish that came with toil, as also the gaiety that they had in that delighted life of leisure and inaction.

Should Marijuana be legalized Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Should hemp be legalized - Research Paper ExampleInformation about the muniment of Marijuana in the fall in States, the reasons behind its listing as a guaranteeled drug, and the political connection to the evict will be discussed in as much(prenominal) detail as possible over the upcoming pages.To begin with, we must acknowledge that Marijuana was not al flairs deemed an illegal substance in the United States. The Hemp plant itself, which is the original form of Marijuana, was widely used in what was then British America as woven fabric, food, incense, and rope. Such was the importance of Marijuana to the development of the country that back in 1619 Jamestown, Virginia declared that all farmers needed to grow Hemp. In fact, the 1850 census of America listed 8, 327 Hemp plantations covering a lower limit of 2,000 acres meant for industrial and food purposes. But in the 1900s, the Mexicans began to flow into the United States, taking along with them their habit of smoking Mariju ana. It was widely believed that the Mexicans were adversely affected by the plant that they smoked, hence the government ban on the same plant in the country. In a way, it was the method by which America decided to control the actions of the illegal immigrants in the country (Guither, Peter Why is Marijuana Illegal?). In a way, the ban on Marijuana was seen as a way to get rid of the Mexican laborers that entered the country during the great depression. While other states banned the plant believing that it was the cause of the high crime rate in their area (Block, Alan Why Marijuana Became Illegal - The Basic Facts).While the aforementioned historical reasons for the ban on Marijuana may have rang true during its era. The reasons as to why Marijuana continues to be banned in the 21st century in some states of America have long shied away from those traditional reasons. These days, the ban is based mostly in scientific and psychological evidence of the prolonged smoking of the plant on

Truman Doctrine or the Marshall Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Truman Doctrine or the Marshall Plan - Essay ExampleThe Truman Doctrine came into being in 1947. It signalled a break with previous US contradictory constitution and undoubtedly contributed to the bitter rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union. While the United States had previously pursued a policy of non-intervention and had hoped to return to this policy following the conclusion of the war, the Truman Doctrine effectively prevented this. Instead, it defined a policy of intervention in European domestic affairs as an extension of American national interests. Most specifically, the Truman Doctrine aimed to contain and curtail the power of the Soviet Union within Europe. Hence, upon being informed by the British forces that Great Britain could no longer afford to maintain a military presence in Greece for the purposes of fighting the Greek communist threat, the United States covered the cost of the operation. The point present is that the United States, irrespective of the concept of European nationalism and regardless of the Soviet Unions own European identity and continental affiliation, had decided that intervention for the purposes of containing the spread of Soviet influence was both its right and duty. The consequence of its doing so was the division of Europe into East and West, into the Communist and the Liberal/Democratic blocs.The Marshall Pl

The Veterans Health Affairs Handbook Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Veterans Health Affairs Handbook - Essay ExampleAs a medical student, I am aware of the growing demand for meliorate health reverence in our country. This calls for more physicians and nurses as well as coordination of the two groups in offering health worry, which is now prone to health care workforce problems. As such, I disregard the compose VHA Nursing Handbook that seeks to eliminate physician-led, team-based care within the VHA system since this will also prevent local facilities from providing such services thus jeopardizing primary health care. Moreover, I differ with medical practitioners who advocate for the independent use of nurses instead of physicians to address the health care workforce shortages since this will put the lives of most patients at a greater risk. Indeed, I think the best way to address these problems is to hire more module and enhance integration and teamwork among all healthcare providers with a view of offering affordable and effective health care. Nevertheless, the draft VHA Nursing Handbook negates this approach as it fosters fragmentation in this sector.Therefore, I think we should revise the draft VHA Nursing Handbook to reflect a team-based approach that will allow all parties in health care delivery to work together, share decisions and information to enhance healthcare delivery. Indeed, by enhancing integration and teamwork between VHA and physicians and APRNs, this draft would address fundamental challenges in health delivery. Furthermore, the draft should seek to offer longer-term solutions in the healthcare workforce instead of the questionable short-term measures it offers now. With these recommendations, I bet a revision of the draft VHA Nursing Handbook would suit the current healthcare needs.

Video Games Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Video Games - Essay ExampleWith this, the company is also armed with more significant information relative to its competitors.The company capitalizes on its patent-pending technology and a wide network of exclusive publishers and developers. Massive is also capitalizes on the capability and experience of its management team, wide network, innovative ideas, and technological capability.The announcement of Microsoft rifle May formalized its acquisition of the in-game advertising pioneer. With its being a subsidiary of Microsoft, this brand equity is further enhanced while also increasing its overturn and scope.Weaknesses. Prior to the acquisition by Microsoft, the major weakness of Massive Incorporated lies in its financial capability. As a start-up, the company lacked the much-needed financing to back its enquiry and development program. It was also hard to take the risk of releasing new products without the financial muscle to back it up.Relative to its competitors, Massive lacks the capability of customizing it product offerings handle what is being offered by Double Fusion. As opposed to IGA Worldwide, Massives products are only applicable on a single platform.Opportunities.

Analyze a Retailer Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Analyze a Retailer - Research Paper ExampleAfter this acquisition the social club grew gradually in size and operations and the refineries discover was increased to 16 by the end of 1997. Throughout the 80s and the 90s era, the company operated in diversified energy operations i.e. from the refining of petroleum products to the marketing of those products.Valero Energy spate produces and markets different products in the market. Their products range from gasoline to jet fuel. Besides these, the company also produces other specialty products such as Propane, Process oils, Asphalt, etc. The company operates in the United States, Canada and the Caribbean through its retail outlets.The company had been performing well in terms of profitability but in the year 2009, their profits had modify into losses. The company had reported a loss of $58 million dollars which was a better profit figure of $761 million in 2008. This downfall would have been because of the world-wide recession. The company aims to strengthen their position by transforming this loss figure into a profit figure and keeping in intact for further years to follow. (Annual Report,

Training development program Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Training development program - Essay Examplehat results from development through with(predicate) education and training usually are important in determining the long term profitability of a business or an organization which is this circumstance is home depot. Training should not only be conducted on new employees but also on current employees to help adjust them to the rapidly ever-changing job requirements.A selection of the final model or picture of a new product that is to be introduced in the market is a rattling critical step in the new product development process. The selection needs to consider three factors of importance anticipated market demand, designers preferences, and uncertainty in achieving predicted design attributes levels under different usage conditions. A good purchasing model is build upon the fundamental principals of decision theory, decision --based design Integrating consumer preferences into the design.Home depot should emphasize on growing and developi ng employees because of the following reasons training and development ensures that there is adequate pool of human resources for intricacy into new programs it improves employee morale and enhances the companys competitive position by building highly motivated, and more effective and efficient team creates a more knowledgeable supply which are able to adopt and use advanced technology and lastly create a large pool of readily available staffs to replace the effect that may leave or move up the organization. The training and development process may be initiated as an intra-organization activity (on the job) based on a clear and concise schedule to effectively guide the staff under training with key areas of concern. It may also be carried out as a function referred to as out of the job training program.Training and developing employees has the following benefits to the home depot organization decrease in need for supervision, reduction in employee turnover rate, and increase in efficiency leading to financial gains and lastly increased

I Do Not Speak English (Naia) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

I Do Not Speak English (Naia) - Essay voiceI had seen and heard too much about the USA in books and media throughout my childhood, merely this was my prime(prenominal) chance to move to the USA. Coming to the USA was a different and new experience for me altogether. I had come from a society which was not as diverse as the society in the USA in terms of race, color, ethnicity, or religion. In the USA, the first thing my parents did for me was look for a good school for me. I got admitted in the Carmel High School. It was way big as compared to the school I had come from. When I arrived in the USA, I knew very basic English, if any. It was so difficult to communicate with the local people in the USA. I did not even know how to put words together to form a sentence. It took me so long to translate everything I thought into English that I frequently would become conscious that I was boring the person listening to me. The local people said things so fast that it was nearly impossible for me to understanding what they said. I had to make them come again and again until I finally got their point. This was very emotionally demanding. It was indeed as difficult for them to cooperate with me as for me to become up with them. Because of my language problem, I used to remain generally quite unless it was extremely necessary to talk. The local people there did not understand that this was the earth behind my quietness, and many would take me for proud, which I was absolutely not. I was missing my hometown a lot, but thinking about Bogota was useless as my parents would not allow me to live alone there. I had to stay in the USA. I realized that to adapt to the new culture and adjust in the American society, the first thing I needed to do was improve my English, so I started taking English classes. I worked with will, determination, and hard work. It did not take me much period to get hold of the basics. Within a year or so, I was able to write comprehensive essays i n English. Every day, I learned at least two new words of English from the dictionary, and would incorporate them in my writing the very day. This practice not only helped me polish my writing skills, but also helped me improve my English vocabulary. Today, I am proficient enough in English to qualify as an American citizen. One thing that I was always sure about was that in rank to integrate into the American society, I would have to appreciate diversity as it happens to be a very integral trait of the American society. I started reading books about different cultures, and their individualistic trends, traditions, norms and values. I even studied comparative religious books in order to have an insight into the fundamentals of the beliefs of people belonging to different religions. This not only helped me understand the people around me better, but also increased by general knowledge a lot. Being aware of the religious and cultural norms and values of people in my class, neighborho od and the marketplace helped me socialize with them in such a way that they felt comfortable in my company and became my friends. I have seen tough times when I was in the high school. Bullying in the high school was very common. Senior students bullied the younger ones in a large number of ways including abusing, threatening, punching, and calling names. Laws of the high school were flexible, which was one discernment why the students behaved irresponsibly. Although when I was in my high school, I had been living in the USA for quite some while, yet my English at that point in time was not very good. As my class-fellows

Geography Question-Answer Format Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Geography Question-Answer Format - Essay ExampleThe Stone Age advanced to be more diverse and altered by progressive intent of the tool. Besides, there is certainly a lot of evidence for the use of wood throughout the palaeolithic Age. Wood was used for making ladders, lighting fire, as a pigment (charcoal), drying wood and as digging sticks. One of the distinguishing features of the Paleolithic age was building of shelters and use of clothing which made habitation in unfriendly environment much easier. This became a permanent feature of man during this period. Secondly, one of the features that distinguished the early ordination that distinguished human from the other surviving non-human primates was their ostensibly omnivorous diet. Furthermore, humans had advanced communication skills by a way of coherent speech. through communication and usage of words as symbols, hominids cold organize themselves into a culture with an identity. At the early stages of settlement, human being s discovered fire and its usage. Moreover, the early high society diffused seeds and nuts onto the vegetation for plantation activities. Interestingly, through hunting and gathering activities, humans occupation had a dramatic effect on the animal population causing migration and even extinction of some great mammalian species. It can be argued that the low population densities of the hunters, gatherers and scavenger human groups were attributed to the introduction of pastoralism and husbandry (Goudie).The second phase is plant cultivation, animal keeping and metal working. Historically, humans began to domesticate animals and to gather foodplants rather than just hunt animals. Although it is now recognize that some hunters and gathers had significant leisure, there is no doubt that through the controlled breeding of animals and plants humans were able to develop a more expandable and a received source of food thereby, creating a solid and secure basis for cultural advancement. It opened doors fro

HISTORY ON FILM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

HISTORY ON FILM - Essay ExampleAlso implied is the occurrence that there would be inaccuracies.The first time I viewed Amadeus, and that was eons ago, I was absolutely bedazzled, awed and completely swept off my feet by the gripping story, the cinematography, the elaborate costumes, the artifice direction, the makeup, the magnificent acting of the two leads F. Murray Abraham as Antonio Salieri and Tom Hulce as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and of course the impeccable direction of Milos Forman. But what makes it memorable through the years is the revival of the practice of medicine of one of the greatest composers the world has ever known and the restaging of his operas. Here, we are treated to a glimpse to some of Mozarts everlasting operas e.g. The Abduction From The Seraglio, The Marriage of Figaro, Don Giovanni and The put-on Flute. This movie gives free lessons on opera and music appreciation. We have to give kudos to Milos Forman, the director and the scriptwriter, Peter Shaffer for faithfully recreating and transporting all of us viewers to eighteenth century Vienna and Salzburg. This was specifically 1769, the time that Mozart displayed to all and sundry glimpses of his immense talent before the arrogant Archbishop of Salzburg and his court to the year 1791, the year of Mozarts death and Salieris confinement in a mental institution.Both Forman and Shaffer ensured that we, viewers, become a part of the excessive bacchanalian revelries of the aristocrats and people who matter in Austria the episcopal celebration of art, music and culture that we view the ornate, majestic edifices of the 18th century Austria ruled by the Hapsburg royalty, which at this juncture in time was governed by the extremely cultured Emperor Joseph II, the son of Empress Maria Theresa and Francis I and the brother of the ill-fated Marie Antoinette of France. We have to note that this is the heyday of the renaissance and thus, there is rebirth of classical art, literature, schooli ng and architecture in Austria. Swept out

Historical Homes in Natchez Mississippi Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Historical Homes in Natchez Mississippi - Essay ExampleNatchez is single of Mississippis oldest cities and was founded in 1716. It is also famous as the southern terminus of the National Trace Parkway, located along the River Mississippi. Due to its strategic location, the metropolis became famous in American history for the role it played in the development of the Old South West. Lorenz, Karl G. (2000). Natchez is the county seat (National Association of Counties. 2008) of and the largest and only incorporated urban center within Adams County, Mississippi, in the United States. According to a census taken in 2000, Natchez has a population of about 18, 464 people.According to archaeological findings, the original spot of Natchez was the chief ceremonial village that was occupied by an Indian tribe since the 8th century. The society of Natchez was segregated according to matrilineal descent into nobles and commoners and their chief was called the abundant Sun. At Natchez, the Gran d Village of the Natchez Indians is well preserved as a great National Historic Landmark, and is maintained by the Mississippi Department of memoir and History.Natchez Mississippi is very famous for some of the most interesting historical landmarks in the world. Our study would also cover this aspect of investigating the different all-important(prenominal) historical landmarks and make a detailed study of each one of them. Some of these important landmarks include Natchez National Historical Park, Fort Rosalie and many another(prenominal) interesting landmarks.Natchez National Historical Park celebrates the rich and interesting cultural history of Natchez, Mississippi and gives us an interpretation of the pivotal role that the city exhibited in the settlement of the Old Southwest, the Cotton Kingdom and the Antebellum South. The Park comprised of three different units and Fort Rosalie is the location of an 18th Century fortification built by the French which was

Calculation of Values Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Calculation of Values - Essay ExampleThe following data are considered not valid for analysis results that were report erroneously (reporting errors) such as data with inappropriate units and results reported as approximately 10, 100 or 1000 times greater or little than the mass of submitted results (Croucher, 2004) results reported as not detected (n.d.) and results from participants not quoting a percentage recovery. Aside from these non-valid data, each report has the following points to be considered for removal of non-valid data.Results for core fat recorded without any reference to the use of an acid hydrolysis step and north results that appeared to be for protein i.e. results approximately a factor of 6 greater than the majority of results (Knaggs, 2004a).Results reported as 0 ug/kg results from participants not quoting a percentage recovery or stating na, EXCEPT for total AF, where participants submitted results that were the sum of their recovery corrected various(pren ominal) aflatoxins (Walker, 2005).Participants reporting not detected and subsequently assigned a result of 0g/kg results from participants whose recovery is outside the range 70-110% and results below the give tongue to LOQ including results with no LOQ stated (Leach, 2005).The value of p estimates the limits ... t of 0g/kg results from participants whose recovery is outside the range 70-110% and results below the stated LOQ including results with no LOQ stated (Leach, 2005).ii) Minimizing the influence of outliers by the use of a robust statistical procedure to derive the meaniii) Normality (Kolmogorov - Smirnov test), or otherwise, of the distribution of the results is considered.iv) Assessment of the standard uncertainty () of the robust mean = /n, = the standard difference of the robust mean n = the number of data points used to calculate the robust meanB. Target Standard Deviation for the RoundThe value of p estimates the limits of a satisfactory performance in a FAPAS profi ciency test (FAPAS, 2002). In cases where the value of p does not reflect best practice for the analyses in question, the predictive models of the appropriate form of the Horwitz equation are valuable indicators of the best practice. This equation predicts a standard deviation from a given concent proportionalityn (c) and requires c to be expressed as a dimensionless mass ratio (1ppm = 10-6 or % = 10-2)i) For analyte concentrations= (0.22c) / mrii) For analyte concentrations 120 ppb and 13.8% = (0.2c0.8495) / mr iii) For analyte concentrations 13.8 % = (0.01c0.5) / mrwhere,c = concentration (assigned value), expressed as a dimensionless mass ratio mr = dimensionless mass ratio.In all reports, the was calculated according to the equations above. In report 0141 however only the value of for the ash was estimated in this manner. The value of for moisture, total fat, nitrogen and hydroxyproline was derived from collaborative trial data assuming a linear relationship = (RSDR / 100)cwhe re, RSDR = Relative

Critically Assess the Difference between Labour Standards and Labour Assignment

Critically Assess the Difference between Labour Standards and Labour Rights with Reference to the Work of the International Lab - Assignment showcaseIntroduction The United Nations was established in 1945 to maintain global peace, to reaffirm faith in fundamental homo flops, in dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small, and to establish conditions under which arbiter and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, and to promote affectionate progress and better standards of life in larger freedom.1 It discharges its functions effectively through the working of a number of specialized organizations wish the Food and tillage Organization of the UN (FAO) that aims to reduce hunger and poverty by developing agriculture and providing healthy dietary intake2 , the World Health Organization (WHO) that strives for the harbour and eradication of diseases, th e International Monetary Fund (IMF) that works for monetary cooperation among nations and many more.3 One such organization is the International Labour Organization (ILO) that promotes social justice for laborers and aims to elevate the standards of labor rights and practices. ... bor compensation, social insurance, paid vacation, safety of industrial workers, employment service and labor inspection.5 The achievements of the ILO in the pursuit of its objectives have been many like the Tripartite Meeting on Safety and Health in the fishing industry in 1998-99 that set safety standards for fishermen.6 However, the deviation of the actual labor standards in comparison to the labor rights stated by the ILO is a subject seeking great evaluation. In this context, research in labor policies initiated by the ILO is of considerable relevance. The newspaper publisher will presently address this problem of divergence of labor practices from the standard labor rights given by ILO. Labour Stand ards of the ILO The labor standards theoretically stated by the ILO are reflective of its objectives and goals but whether or not these standards are applied in reality, in case of all member nations, is debatable. Statement of Labour Rights In 1995, five broad fundamental rights were identified by the ILO, addressing men, women and children workers of the world. They are freedom of association, right to organize and bargain collectively, freedom from forced labor, right to equal net and non-discrimination in employment and the abolition of child labor.7 Freedom of Association implies that workers have the right to associate with one another and form unions or groups for the pursuit of a common objective or goal. The common objective is usually something aimed at improving the conditions of work for the laborers.8 Freedom to organize and bargain collectively states that the workers have the right to organize themselves into trade unions and other organizations. Collective bargainin g occurs between these bodies and the management of a company on a variety of issues

Checklists and Rating Scales Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Checklists and Rating Scales - Assignment ExampleChecklists provide a list of thoughts, emotions and behaviors that whitethorn be demonstrated by the individual, and may be filled in by either an evaluator or may be reported by the person themselves. Most checklists provide the symptoms associated with slightly kind of challenge (Gregory, 2004). Each symptom that is demonstrated is marked and once the entire list is completed, the total number of symptoms is totaled. Checklists argon thus called additive methods of rating (Merrell & Harlacher, 2008). These atomic number 18 objective and easy to understand, and do not require as much time or expertise as interviews. They are also comprehensive, and pull up stakes the evaluator to identity less visible symptoms that could be missed during observation (Merrell & Harlacher, 2008).The main issue with a checklist is that they do not allow one to rate the magnitude of the symptom. While one person may exhibit the symptom rarely, anothe r may exhibit it almost every day. At such clock rating scales provide an advantage over checklists in that each selected item is also rated on a 3 depute or 5 point scale ranging from never/rarely to always/frequently (Gregory, 2004). Thus, each symptom is provided with a weighted score all of which may be added to get a composite score. Rating scales are algebraic in nature, and the value assigned to each item provides a detailed understanding of the experience of the person (Merrell & Harlacher, 2008).Checklists are valuable screening instruments that help in identifying persons who need help while rating scales are useful when trying to understand which symptoms are more dominant for a particular person (Gregory, 2004). Both these instruments are objective and easy to use, but are unable to provide the meaning associated with the symptoms by the individual. The validity of the responses depends on the honesty of the responses and it may become

FIRST and Second Amendment Assignment (CRJ 733) Essay

FIRST and Second Amendment Assignment (CRJ 733) - Essay ExampleIn Virginia v. Black et al. certiorari to the supreme coquet of Virginia, no.01-1107 (2003) Justice OConnor announced the following, In this fortune we consider whether the Commonwealth of Virginias statute banning cross burning with look to intimidate a person or group of persons violates the First Amendment. Va. Code Ann. 18.2-423 (1996). We conclude that while a State, consistent with the First Amendment, may ban cross burning carried out with the intent to intimidate, the provision in the Virginia statute treating any cross burning as prima facie evidence of intent to intimidate renders the statute unconstitutional in its ongoing form. (Virginia v. Black 1) As a result of this prior decision made the appropriate decision at this time would seem to support the legal actions of the defendant and while the use of an effigy burning may be seen as a threat it does non by itself constitute a threat to said individu al. The action of effigy burning is an approximation and does not promote violence in and of it. Additionally the burning of an effigy remains a political act and in concert with the prior decision in (Texas v. Johnson, 491 U.S. 397) which held that the desecration of the flag at this time while in violation of local state law is not in fact a violation of the First Amendment, meaning the conviction of Ms. Monique shall be overturned as a result as the law of the cut back is the Constitution and as such the actions taken by Ms. Monique are in line with the allowances for protest that are outlined in the First Amendment. Additionally in the prior case the as with this current case the individual has been convicted based on their engagement in expressive conduct and while the defendant may have disturbed the peace, they did not effectively violate the First Amendment. The expulsion should therefore be overturned. First Amendment, United States Constitution, Bill of Rights. Cornell Un iversity Law School, Legal info Institute. N.p., 2011. Web. 29 Mar 2011. http//topics.law.cornell.edu/constitution/billofrightsamendmenti TEXAS v. JOHNSON, 491 U.S. 397 (1989), 491 U.S. 397 TEXAS v. JOHNSON CERTIORARI TO THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TEXAS No. 88-155. Argued March 21, 1989 Decided June 21, 1989. Find Law for legal professionals. N.p., 2011. Web. 29 Mar 2011. http//caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl? speak to=us&vol=491&invol=397 VIRGINIA v. BLACK, Virginia v. BLACK et al. certiorari to the supreme court of Virginia No. 01-1107. Argued December 11, 2002--Decided April 7, 2003. Find Law for legal professionals. N.p., 2011. Web. 29 Mar 2011. http//caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&navby=case&vol=000&invol=01-1107 Opinion two, supporting the expulsion The Teaching Fellow Ms. Monique engaged in an act of civil disobedience that resulted in the State University President Max Piker timbre that his life had been threatened. While the initial act ion was meant as a symbolic statement and that is protected by the First Amendment it should be noted that threats or deterrence are not. The First Amendment specifically protects peaceable protest however, does not protect protest in which there is used threats and intimidation. In using an effigy that was

Arthur Miller Good Theatre Essay Example for Free

Arthur Miller Good Theatre EssayA View from the distich is a post war play centred on longshoreman Eddie Carbonne. Eddie lives with wife Beatrice, and niece Catherine. The play depicts the conflict that occurs when, Italian immigrants and relatives of Beatrice, Marco and Rudolpho, come to stay with them and Rudolpho forms a romantic relationship with Catherine, in the end marrying her. It ends in a violent confrontation between Marco and Eddie. Eddie confronts Marco with a knife, but it backfires and he is stabbed to death. I am going to answer the question, what makes A View from the Bridge good theatre by firstly analysing four main components the characters, themes, stage directions and dramatic devices. I am going to begin with the characters. The three most of the essence(predicate) characters are Eddie, Beatrice and Alfieri. Firstly, Eddie has the leading role and the complexities of his character add many intriguing dimensions. For instance, there are his deep feelings for Catherine and their incestuous connotations. Throughout the play, Eddies feelings towards Catherine are made cognize to the earreach and many of the other characters.However Eddie still seems oblivious and even though his actions strongly suggest he loves her as more than a niece, he never verbalises his feelings or wilfully admits to them. EDDIE What can I do? I gotta sit in my own house and look at a son-of-a-bitch ruffian like that which he came out of nowhere I give him my house to sleep I take the blankets off my bed for him, and he takes and puts his dirty stinky hands on her like a god dam thief Here, Eddie is getting increasingly angry, because he feels that by marrying Catherine, Rudolpho is somehow stealing from him. Miller shows this by using expletives and exclamation marks.This shows that he is protective of her in a slightly more than paternal way. When Alfieri makes the comment about Eddie marrying Catherine, it is on the surface an offhand generate to ridi cule Eddies incredulity at Catherine marrying Rudolpho, but Eddie reacts very badly to it, because Alfieri has actually pinpointed the true nature of his feelings. However instead of acknowledging this, he shouts at Alfieri in an attempt. Here, the audience is made aware of the fact that in his own mind, Eddie is just being protective of his niece, and that any improper feelings from Catherine are deeply suppressed.Therefore, the audience is always in anticipation of the moment when Eddie vents all that suppressed emotion, which creates increasing tension. Miller puts a pause at the end of Eddies angry outburst because the moment of silence would chuck up the sponge the audience to realise the true meaning of the conversation. ALFIERI You know sometimes God mixes up the people. We all love someone but sometimes theres too ofttimes and it goes where it mustnt there is too much love for the niece. Do you understand what Im saying to you?

Akhenaten Family Background Essay Example for Free

Akhenaten Family Back prove EssayDescribe the family and family background of Akhenaten. In your answer refer to the eighteenth dynasty pharaohs, his mother, his brother, Akhenatens wives, finickyly Nefertiti (her ancestor and roles) and his children. Assess their importance to the pharaoh. In your answer refer to at least four sources, antediluvian patriarch and modern. You can as well show diagrams if you wish. (500-550 words) Akhenaten was the tenth pharaoh of the 18th dynasty he reigned over New region Egypt for approximately 17 years. Akhenaten was the son of Amenhotep III and his chief wife, Queen Tiy. Scholars agree that Amenhotep III and Queen Tiy had four known daughters and ii sons, Thutmoses and Akhenaten, who was originally named Amenhotep IV. Akhenaten was a sheltered child and appe ard to be rejected by his father as he was rarely included in portraits of the family and was never taken to any public events unlike his brother, Thutmoses, as he was not assumed to take the throne. Akhenaten became pharaoh after the death of his father Amenhotep III in 1352BC, as Thutmoses had died prematurely.It is believed that Akhenaten was already marital to Nefernefruaten- Nefertiti when he came to the throne. Nefertitis origin or parents are noncitizen, there are two main theories of her origin, and the most accepted is that Nefertiti is the daughter of Ay, vizier to various pharaohs of the 18th dynasty and the assumed brother of Queen Tiy. This is believed as Nefertitis nurse was the wife of Ay, as well as references that Nefertitis sister, Mutnojme, is prominently featured in the reliefs of Ays tomb.Another theory is that Nefertiti was the Mitannian princess sent to Egypt for a diplomatic marriage, referred to as Tadhukhipa, this is supported as Nefertiti means the beautiful woman has come. Nefertiti was Akhenatens chief wife and it is clear that Akhenaten valued his beloved wife, in his tomb he referred to her as the mistress of his happiness, an d according to C. Alfred on one of the boundary stelae at Amarna he describes her as Fair of Face, Joyous with the Double Plume, Mistress of Happiness, Endowed with Favour, at hearing whose voice one rejoices, Lady of Grace, bulky of Love, whose disposition cheers the Lord of two Lands.In Akhenatens tomb and in tombs of the nobles, Nefertiti is depicted as equal to the pharaoh, in Akhenaten and the Amarna Bradley states shes is treated as the kings spokespersonner not only in their family life except in religious and political life as well, unlike other pharaohs there are also many family reliefs depicting Akhenaten, Nefertiti and their six daughters making offerings to the Aten no son was ever depicted in reliefs. Akhenaten and Nefertiti are accepted to have had six daughters together. They were Meritaten, Meketaten, Ankhensenpaaten, Nefernefruten-tasherit, Nefernefure and Setepenre.Meritaten beloved of Aten, married Akhenatens successor, Smekhkare. Around year 15 of Akhenatens reign, Meritaten was given the rank of Mistress of the House and favourite of the King, at this time she was depicted performing accepted religious rituals in the temple of the Aten. Meketaten protected of Aten possibly died at childbirth (Alfred) or at the age of eleven (Redford), mourning scenes of Akhenaten and Nefertiti are depicted in the kings tomb. Ankhensenpaaten her life is in the Aten, married Tutankhamun and became Ankhensenamun.Nefernefruaten-tasherit Nefernefruaten Junior after Nefertiti, Nefernefrure beautiful as the beauty of Re, and Setepenre chosen of Re. What happened to the youngest three daughters is unknown. In addition to Nefertiti, Akhenaten had many other minor wives that he inherited from Amenhotep IIIs harem as well as those he would have selected himself. Of particular importance is Kiya, one of Akhenatens minor wives. Her full origin is unknown, but she seems to have come from an official family with links to the august household.In Akhenatens inscript ions Kiya was depict as the greatly beloved wife of the king, this was purely an acknowledgement of her position as secondary wife and in particular as the mother of royal children. She is believed to be the mother of Tutankhaten (later Tutankhamen) and possibly Smenkhkare, who succeeded Akhenatens reign. It appears Kiya was a favourite of Akhenatens for a reasonably long time. Describe the building projects of Akhenaten in East Karnak, closemouthed the traditional capital Thebes, and Akhetaten (his new cult centre).Describe the features of the buildings and account for the stylistic changes, especially to do with the worship of the Aten. In your answer include evidence from sources ancient and modern. You can use diagrams and maps if you wish. When Akhenaten came to power in 1353BC or else of holding the holistic New Kingdom Egypt builder-warrior pharaoh, Akhenaten focused on his building projects and the establishment of Aten worship in New Kingdom Egypt. In the first year of h is reign Akhenaten ordered that his fathers construction project be completed, this was typical of New Kingdom pharaohs.This project was of two decorated pylon gateways at the temple of Amun-Re at Karnak. The relief scenes carved on the pylon at this time show Akhenaten in a traditional way, they also depict the Aten as a falcon-headed god. In the second year Akhenaten ordered the construction of four temples dedicated to the Aten to be construct at East Karnak, outside the enclosure wall on the east of the Great Temple of Amun-Re. These temples were Gempaaten sun disk is found , the Mansion of the Ben-ben stone, Rud-menu Sturdy are the Monuments of the sun-disk Forever, and Teni-menu Exalted are the Monuments of the sun-disk Forever.The Gempaaten was an plainspoken rectangular court approximately 300m by 200m enclosed with a mud-brick wall, surrounding this was a roofed colonnade. The temple itself was modify with colossal statues of Akhenaten. The decorative scenes shown in the temple showed a celebration of the Heb-sed festival in the second and third year of the kings reign. According to an unknown source in the depictions of the first year the ritual was enacted before officials from all the districts and the gods of Egypt, whose statues had been brought from near and far to be placed in shrines.Akhenaten offered to the gods individually and was accepted by each to continue ruling. However, in the Heb-sed festival of the third year all the shrines of the gods of Egypt are replaced by the Aten and Akhenaten in the reliefs. Typically when a pharaoh is being depicted with a god he is either drawn equal or depicted kneeling to the deity, but as the sun-disc is shown at the top of relief scenes Akhenatens wiz standing figure becomes more prominent. There is no firm evidence of the other three Aten temples purpose or location at Karnak, as they were washed-up and the building materials were reused in later pharaohs building projects.It is believed that the Mansion of the Ben-ben stone was built for Nefertiti, the Ben-ben stone is typically depicted as a pyramid shaped stone, but in this temple it was shown as an obelisk. In the relief scenes Nefertiti is portrayed making offerings to the Aten as this role was generally undertaken by Akhenaten, these reliefs were the first to include Nefertiti in the one-third of the Aten. A major change in the depiction of Akhenaten began to appear in these temples, he was no longer portrayed as the tradition pharaoh but instead his face become elongated, he showed very little upper body tone and had a pot belly.However large and remarkable Akhenatens Aten temples were, they would never be able to overcome the dominance of Amun at Karnak. This issue led to Akhenatens desire to form a new capital city all devoted to the Aten sun-disc. In year six of his reign Akhenaten selected a site halfway between Memphis and Thebes, where the cliffs on the east bank form an amphitheatre verso from the river Nile, this naturally occurring amphitheatre was 13km in diameter and 5km wide.Akhenaten set up boundary stelae to mark the limits of his new city in every directions, he affirmed that the ground did not belong to any deity and it was the Aten himself who had revealed the land to Akhenaten. On the boundary stelae the king states the city is to be called Akhetaten meaning the Horizon or seat of the Aten, the depicted object on the stelae mentions the temples Akhenaten intends to construct in the city A House of the Aten, a Mansion of the Aten, a Sunshade of the Queen and a House of Rejoicing for the Aten in the Island.Evidence of most of these temples and buildings has not been found or confirmed. Akhetaten was divided into several main building regions these included the Main city with the royal palace and temples, the labor union Suburb, South city, Maru-aten (Southern Palace), a workers village and rock cut tombs. The Great Temple of the Aten was built as the centre of worship in Akhetaten. The building was an 800m by 300m open roofed rectangular court, similar to the Gempaaten in layout but much larger.The temple was not open to the public and only the royal family or high priest could enter into the Great Temple of the Aten. R. J. Unstead states the temple was designed in a processional way entrance to the temple was from the west between two tallish pylons, this entrance let into a small courtyard, ahead of this was the House of Rejoicing or Per-Hai. This was a hall filled with columns and adorned with reliefs of Akhenaten and Nefertiti. From Per-Hai you reach the next part of the temple Gem-Aten finding of the Aten, this courtyard contained rows of mud brick offering tables.Ahead of the Gem-Aten is the entrance to a long narrow court with a raised altar, beyond this metamorphose is then entrance to another court, followed by a second and finally into three smaller sanctuary or garden courts. Each court of the temple, past from the Gem-Aten had its own altar and colossal statues of Akhenaten as well as representations of the Aten on wall reliefs. There was no exit at the other end of The Great Temple so the procession of Akhenaten, Nefertiti and the Aten priests had to turn around and exit through the west entrance.

The Forgotten Group Member Essay Example for Free

The Forgotten Group Member EssayThe case study of The Forgotten Group Member demonstrations in what manner squads separate due to an absence of communication. The case verifies that knowing how to lead a squad is just as significant as being a part of the squad. It is imperative to understand that non only does a leader impart the responsibility to lead the team but the members have a responsibility to partake in order for the team effectively complete an assignment.Part I Group DevelopmentTeams pass through numerous stages for example the forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning stages. This particular case places the team deep down the storming stage. When radical participants get to know each other better, the storming stage begins. This stage is considered as a bid for power. Each assembly member is wondering whether or not he or she will be respected and this may play out in competition, tension and maybe disagreement. Relationships depart strained and differences become uncomfortable. Christine is challenged for control by mike. The hostility Mike feels developed when he came upon his teammates during an unofficial group meeting. Left unaddressed, as in this case, I can only consent that Mike become angry, hostile, and now unproductive.As the leader, Christines main task at this stage is to coach group members, in particular Mike, to get them on board. She needs to emphasis that teams come together because they share a common interest, and that members are treated equally. Once Christine re-evaluates the cook and re-introduces the forming stages she can help re-integrate Mike clog into the group. The forming stage occurs when the leader directs the team and establishes objectives clearly. Once Mike is reintroduced to the team goals and realizes his role on the team hopefully he would have made positive contributions in an effort to produce a high-quality group out couch.Part II Problem IdentificationThe hostile attitude Chri stina and her teammates experienced by Mike occurred during an unexpected team gathering however Mike should reevaluate his overall performance in a group setting thus far. Based off his action, not care team meetings and providing brief notes, Mike has become the social loafer of the team. mixer loafers can be described as team members who work less and put less effort into the team assignment, than he or she would do if he or she had to complete the assignment alone. The key issues facing Christine is not only Mikes social loafing but the lack of communication on her behalf to inform Mike of his lack of participation.By understanding the stages of group development, Christine should have redefined her team roles so that social loafers are more visible and peer pressures are more likely. This in turn will lead to yet another opening concept known as Social facilitation. Social facilitation occurs when the behavior of team participants are influenced positively by the presence of others in a team. According to our text, Social facilitation theory suggests that working in the presence of others creates an emotional arousal or excitement that stimulates behavior and therefore affects performance. When Christine recognized Mike as the clown of the group she should have relied on his strengths to embrace the audience. Perhaps assigning him the task of presenting the power point slides for their team presentation.Part III Retrospective EvaluationSince this a concentrated situation to solve and each solution has pros and cons I can only reiterate solutions mention in the previous sections. The ideal solution would have been for the group leader, Christine, to re-evaluate her understanding of group development. Once she had a full understanding of the stages and process that it takes to have an efficient team she would have known how to properly handle the situation. When I mention properly handle the situation, I refer to the fact that she should have addressed t he issue with Mike in a non-threatening environment. After communicating with Mike, Christina would have been aware of any essential skills that he is lacking or uncomfortable situations that are preventing quality work.At this point in time Christine could have re-evaluated the work and reintroduced the forming stages. Mike will once again be re-introduced to the team goals and realize his role on the team. A different solution, not mentioned previously, would be Distributed Leadership. As per the prevail text, distributed leadership is the sharing of responsibility for meeting group task and maintenance needs. This involves having the leader, Christine, initiate discussions, clarifying issues, and sharing information while involving other team players. As outlined in the case, many team members were functioning fine, Mike was having trouble being able to meet deadlines and rarely let everyone know. This signals once again a communication problem.By having Christine reach out to M ike and his fellow team members, any issues that were apparent would be brought up and handled. In this case, Mike would have told Christine close to his demanding job and relationship woes and thus the team could have adjusted according. The only demise of this method is that the discussions and information sharing will not always be as effective as actually addressing the issues head on.Part IV ReflectionLooking back at this case and the events that have transpired up work this point, it is obvious that Christine was not an effective group leader. Although the majority of the team did work efficiently there was just one negative aspect. That negative aspect was Mike. beingness able to deal with conflict comes from experience but in this situation Christine was voted by her team members to be the group leader which should have inspired potency in her. This confidence should have helped her address Mike in the beginning. If Christine have had the knowledge and the skills of group development she would have been able to effectively provide leadership.

Economics Essays Financial System Banking

Economics Essays Financial System Banking chief city sufficiency DirectiveAbstractIn the recent years, it seems that the supervisors hold developmentd the attention on the great adequateness of relying intuitions in pitch to enhance and prolong the stability of financial system.The purpose of the present paper is to look into into the merits as well as disadvantages of the groovy adequateness Directive instruction execution in the Switzerland economy for the behaviors of Swiss banks and shed some light on whether and how Swiss bank react to constraints placed by the regulator on their capital.The analysis and evidences given exit clarify the finding is that while the Swiss banks enjoy the common merits that have been brought by this innovation, some drawbacks they might endure could not be neglected, which implies the need for good policy guidelines of Government and Central Bank.Chapter 1 IntroductionWe do realize there be better moments to introduce substantia l increases in capital requirements.Nout Wellink (April, 2008), head of the Basel Committee on Banking watchDuring the last 30 years, a wide range of countries have introduced the formalized capital requirement. This innovation seemed to be spearheaded by the adoption of minimum capital requirement in some status states (for instance, the US and the UK in 1981). However, with the first introduction of Basel Accord in 1998, the common minimum capital requirements were actually adopted by G-10. To date, the Accord has been implemented by over 100 countries world-wide (Allen, 2004).The implementation process of Capital Adequacy Directive (CAD) on the one hand produced many successes in practice as it helps to place jeopardize-taking relative to capital and to prevent systemic instabilities arising from large-scale banking failures, thereby enhancing the productivity, capacity, safety and soundness of domestic banking system, in general, global financial system.On the different hand, it as well as has generated several important failures and unintended consequences as it might reduce the lending ability of commercial banks which in turn directly influences to their competitiveness relative to other forms of intermediation.This study attempts to measure the cost and benefits of Capital Adequacy Directive and apply it to the population of commercial banks that operated in Switzerland. The result suggests that even though some disconfirming impacts of CAD is obviously seen, the implementation of CAD in Swiss banking system is essentially and truly needed. As the matter of fact, the advantages that Swiss commercial banks have achieved imputable to the effectiveness of capital adequacy convention outweigh the disadvantages they might suffer.The paper is divided into 4 sections. Chapter 2 introduces the historical review and general theory of Capital Adequacy Directive. Chapter 3 provides firstly the analysis on the both benefits and costs of CAD, followed by the statistic evidences from Swiss commercial banks behaviors. Finally, the summary of the main findings of this study and conclusion will be mentioned in the last section.Chapter 2 Capital Adequacy Directive Historical Review and General Theory2.1 Historical reviewThe Capital Adequacy Directive was firstly and officially introduced as the core part of the 1998 Accord, referred to as Basel Accord (International Convergence of Capital Measurements and Capital Standards) issued by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (henceforward Basel Committee) in July 1998 (Hall, 2004). This accord is not formal treaty nor a binding legal rule, however due to the practical effects conveyed with it, the guidelines of this accord have been implemented not only by signatory countries at the beginning scarce also by over 100 countries world-wide (Lastra, 2004).Nevertheless, the 1988 Accord has been criticized for its crude assessment of risk and for creating opportunities for regulatory arbitr age (Blum and Hellwig, 1996). Therefore, at the end of June 2004, the New Capital Accord (henceforth call Basel II) was finally issued after the endorsement conducted by G10 banks supervisor in order to replace the original accord (now termed Basel I agreed in 1988) and solve the problems occurred as the result of Basel I implementation in banking system.2.2 General Theory of Capital Adequacy DirectiveThe genesis of Capital Adequacy Directive as well as the capital regularisation could be traced back to the concern that bank might hold less capital than is socially optimal relative to its riskiness as negative externalities resulting from bank default are not reflected in market capital requirements (Rime, 2001).In the 1988 Accord, the Basel Committee provided a balance of capital to risk-weighted as stick with downs. In this Basel formula, Capital is divided into Tier 1 (equity capital plus disclose reserves minus goodwill) and Tier 2 (revaluation reserves, undisclosed reserve, general loan loss reserves, and subordinated term debt). Specifically, Tier 1 capital must to constitute at least 50% of the essential capital base. In addition, the denominator of this Basel formula is the sum of risk-adjusted as find outs plus off-balance sheet items adjusted to risk. (Lastra, 2004) fit to (BIS, 2008) the 1998 Accord in essence overconfident that banks hold capital of at least 8 % of their risk-weighted assets. Although there is no strong argument for the target ratio 8%, it still was considered to be able due to the empirical application from previous policy applied in some states such as the US/UK bilateral agreement of 1986 regarding capital adequacy (Rime, 2005). Eight percent were the median in exiting good practice at that time the US as well as the UK around 7.5 %, Switzerland 10%, France and lacquer 3 % (Lastra, 2004).In fact, data from a wide range of banks from the Fitch IBCA database and national supervisors as well as the Basle Committee denote in creasing mode with the average capital ratio rising from 9.3% in 1988 to 11.2% in 1996. Most countries experienced increases in their capital ratios although those countries, which were close to, or below, the Basle minimum capital adequacy ratio of 8% in 1988 evidenced a much higher overall increase than those, which had historically high capital ratios. (Jackson, 1999)Recently, in the new approach, very much referred to as Basel II, specifically in the First Pillar Minimum Capital Requirements, the overall level of regulatory capital currently held by banks is not set to rise or to be lower. The capital ratio is calculated using the definition of regulatory capital and risk-weighted assets and the total capital ratio must be no lower than 8%. In addition, the tier 2 capital is limited to 100% of Tier 1 capital (BIS, 2004). However, it is set to be much risk sensitive (Blum and Bichsel, 2004).Chapter 3 Costs and Benefits of Capital Adequacy Requirements The Analysis for Switze rland3.1 Understanding the Swiss banking systemTo date, the Swiss banking system is typically depicted as one of the leading universal banking system around the world since this type universal banking was firstly allowed at the Banking Law of 1930 (Stiroh and Rime, 2003).In reality, like the most Continental European countries, Swiss bank legislation does not distinguish between the commercial and investment banks. In principle, Swiss banks are able to offer a wide range of financial services such as lending and deposit-taking, underwriting, brokerage, trading and portfolio management (Swiss Bankers Association, 2006).Furthermore, the Swiss banks might vary in the way they pulmonary tuberculosis their options to engage in all types of financial activities as the truly universal banks co-exist with the universe specializing either in traditional banking or financial market activities. According to Swiss Bankers Association (2006) the Swiss theme Bank (SNB) classifies the banks in S witzerland into ten major categories big banks, cantonal banks, regional and savings banks, Raiffeisenkassen banks, commercial banks, consumer loan banks, received exchange banks, other banks, foreign, and private bank.These bank categories differ with regard to their size, business focus, geographic scope of activities and legal form. Within the banking sector, the big banks maintain a preponderant position in every respect.As the matter of fact, the Swiss economy is characterised by a comparatively large banking sector by international standards, and by the dominance of two banks, Credit Suisse and UBS. At the end of 2006, the banking sectors total assets exceeded CHF 4,500 billion or nearly ten times the size of Swiss GDP.This is by far the biggest ratio among the G10 countries, followed by Belgium and the Netherlands where total bank assets are five times the size of GDP. Measured in absolute terms, the US has the largest banking sector. However, total assets of all banks are less than US GDP (Swiss National Bank, 2007)3.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of Capital Adequacy Directive towards Swiss banks behaviourIn this papers context, alternatively of taking assessing advantages as well as disadvantages of CAD for all the participants of financial market, I would like to take the point of view to this issue from the one limited party of market the banks.Merits Almost all financial experts hold the opinion that though capital generally accounts for a small percentage of the financial resources of banking institution it plays a crucial and important role in their long-term financing and solvency position, which directly influence to their public credibility and reputation.The inverse relationship between the capital adequacy requirement and bank risk taking has been found in the research of Avery and Berger in 1991. In order to meet the 8% target ratio of Basel formula, banks have not been encouraged and limited to take the high risky activities, which alw ays promises the high payoffs, thereby reducing the likelihood of failures.In addition, it is undeniable that the implementation of Capital Adequacy Directive leads to the more powerful ability of banks at the event of financial crisis as the more reasonable the capital ratio is set up, the higher the probability that a bank will not fail to pay back its debts.This fact tends to justify the existence of capital adequacy regulation in order to avoid bankruptcies and negative externalities on the financial system. In other words, it could be said that Capital Adequacy Directive is needed to maintain and enhance the financial stability of banks, generally, for economics.In the case of Swiss banking system, Switzerland welcomes that the Capital Adequacy Directive has been adopted as an important means to preserve the financial soundness of the Bank and its triple A rating. According to Swiss Banker Association (2008) the Swiss banks are well capitalized by international standards and as an additional safety measure, Swiss law demands capital adequacy standards even higher than those required by the Basel Accord. Swiss banks can therefore certainly be counted amongst the safest in the world. The pastime table will display the marked-rise in risk-weighted in all bank categories in Switzerland at the year-end of 2006As been shown from the graph, in 2006, the risk-weighted capital ratios rose in all bank types as it increased from the 13.1 % to 13.9 % in terms of the entire banking sector (exceeded the G-10 countries average by more than 2.5% point at the same time). This increase was particularly pronounced at the big banks (from 11.5% in 2005 to 12.4% in 2006).Specifically, let take UBS one of two largest banks in Switzerland as a typical display case for the benefits of Capital Adequacy Directive in order to maintain the financial stability. The capital that UBS is required to hold based on Swiss federal official Banking complaint (SFBC) regulations, which diff er in some certain respects from the calculation under the Basel Capital Accord (BIS guidelines). As a result of the differences in regulatory rules, UBSs risk-weighted assets are higher, and its ratios of total capital and Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, are lower, when calculated under the SFBC regulations than under BIS guidelines. However, UBS has always had total capital and Tier 1 capital well in excess of the minimum requirements of both the BIS and the SFBC.Capital adequacy The success of USB in doing business as well as maintaining financial stability has been measured and confirmed by the largest and most famous credit rating agency such as Fitch Ratings, Standard Poors and Moodys. In February 2006, the rating agency Standard Poors affirmed UBSs AA+ long-term and A-1 + short-term ratings and commented The key strengths of USB business profile are the strong cash flow, high returns, and the sound capital base. In which, the last one has been brought by the presenc e of successful implementation of Capital Adequacy Directive. non surprisingly, to date, the capital base of the Swiss banking sector appears to be sound as all banks reported excess capital at the end of 2006 ( Swiss National Bank, 2007)To sum up, the Capital Adequacy Directive framework is truly needed for Swiss banks in order to avoid bankruptcies and negative externalities on the financial system, enhancing and maintaining the financial stability.DisadvantagesDespite what has been shown, nothing could be further from the truth that capital adequacy might affect the banking systems ability to extend credit. Under the circumstance that the regulatory are set too high, that might leads to the risk-adjusted market return on bank loans will be insufficient so as to superlative this artificially high cost of capital, therefore decreasing bank-lending activities. This so-called credit-crunch, which will directly impact not only to the financial stability of banking system but also the aggregate level of economics activities (Allen, 2004).Furthermore, there are various concern have been raised over whether the presence of capital requirement leading undermine the long competitiveness of banks. Jackson at the year-end 1999, and Blanco and Barrios in their research at 2003 have shown that these concerns could be separated into two types(i) Whether banks have been single out compared with securities markets or securities firms(ii) Whether the overall profitability of banks has been affected and their competitiveness has been harmedAccording to Jackson (1999), there is a controversial issue that whether banks, due to the capital adequacy regulation have found it difficult to compete against the securities markets as provider of funds. Many countries have witnessed a shift from supplying of funding to prime corporates by banks to provision of funding by commercial paper markets or securities markets more generally but it is difficult to assess how much of this shi ft was set by the capital requirements of the banks and how much by innovation and greater sophistication of the borrowers.Furthermore, there is no strong theory as well as empirical evidence to think from the profound changes in banks long-term share of various markets that they have been driven by the influences of capital requirements on banks competitiveness.In the case of Swiss banking system, by using the empirical methods and model to evaluate the relationship between the capital adequacy regulation and the share prices of banks as well as using the data come from 4 big banks, 25 cantonal banks and 125 regional banks in existence from 1989 to 1995 which represents 82% of Swiss banking system, Rime (2001) has shown that there is no evidence well-nigh capital adequacy requirement implementation reduce the Swiss banks share price. Moreover, Wagster revealed the same result at 1996 when he did the research in the situation of Switzerland, Germany, and Netherlands.It is possibl e that the introduction of minimum regulatory capital requirements may have harmed the competitiveness of the banking industry. If capital standards require a bank to maintain an equity position in excess of what it would hold voluntarily, or in response to market forceure, then these standards constitute an external constraint on a banks operations.In theory, any kind of external interference with the activities of a business firm could harm its short-run profitability or growth and possibly undercut its long-run viability (Jackson, 1999). However, it does seem that the exactly answer for this question whether implementation of capital adequacy regulation harms the competitiveness of banks has not been found yet because the long-term competitiveness of banking is driven by a wide range of factors.As been shown in the above part, the implementation of CAD has been conducted successfully in terms of Swiss banking system. That helps banks to enhance the financial stability not only i n their own system but also for entire economy. Hence, the Swiss banking system are now depicted as the universal banking system, being classified amongst the safest and highest profit all over the world.ConclusionIn this study, we have just investigated into the costs and benefits of Capital Adequacy Directive towards Swiss banks behaviors. Our main message is that Capital Adequacy Directive is truly desirable as it provides an extremely efficient financial mechanism for maintaining the financial stability as well as prestige for Swiss banking system.However, despite the typical merits that have been conveyed by Capital Adequacy Directive, some drawbacks it might create such as unexpected credit crunch phenomenon, is obviously seen. This does require the act of Government and Swiss National bank with more caution as the more efficiency CAD present the more benefits that Government and Swiss banks can achieve.BibliographyAllen (2004), The Basel Capital Accords and International Mort gage Markets A Survey of the Literature.Avery and Berger (1991), Risk-Based Capital and Deposit Insurance Reform, journal of Banking and FinanceBIS (2008) www.bis.org Internet Assessed 15 April 15, 2008Blum (2003), The Impact of Capital Requirements on Banks Incentives to Monitor and to Hold Excess Capital, daybook of banking and financeBlum and Hellwig (1996), The macroeconomic implications of capital adequacy requirements for banks, Journal of banking and financeBlum and Bichsel (2004), The relationship between risk and capital in Swiss commercial banksa panel study, Journal of banking and financeBlanco and Barrios (2003), The effectiveness of bank capital adequacy regulation A theoretical and empirical approach, Journal of banking and financeG34 International Banking and Finance materials by professor D.H.GowlandG33 International Banking Regulation and Supervision materials by Prof D.H.GowlandHall (2004), Basel II A panacea or a missed opportunity? , Journal of banking and fina nceJackson (1999), Capital requirements and bank behaviors The impact of Basel Accord, Journal of banking and financeLastra (2004), Risk-based capital requirements and their impact upon the banking industry Basel II and CAD III, Journal of banking and financeQuotation database, Internet Assessed 15 April 2008Rime (2001), Capital requirements and bank behaviors Empirical evidence for Switzerland, Journal of banking and finance.Rime (2005), Will Basel II Lead to a Specialization of Unsophisticated Banks on High-Risk Borrowers? , Journal of banking and financeSheldon (2001), Costs and Benefits of Capital Adequacy Requirements an Empirical Analysis for Switzerland, Journal of banking and financeStiroh and Rime (2003), The performance of universal banks Evidence from Switzerland, Journal of banking and financeSwiss National Bank, (2008), Internet Assessed 15 April 2008Swiss Federal Banking Commission (2005), Basel II Implementation in Switzerland Summary of the explanatory report of th e Swiss Federal Banking CommissionSwiss Bankers Association (2008), Swiss Bankers Association press release, Internet Assessed 15 April 2008Wagster (1996), Impact of the 1988 Basle Accord on International Banks, Journal of Finance,